Spinal Mobilization/
Manipulation
​​Spinal mobilization/manipulation is a manual therapy technique comprising a continuum of skilled passive movements to the joints and/or related soft tissue that are applied at varying speeds and amplitudes, including a small-amplitude/ high-velocity therapeutic movement.
​
Paragraph Above Adapted from the APTA
​
We may differ from some of your other healthcare providers. We believe that your body is strong and resilient. You are not fragile. We do not subscribe to the theory of popping your back in place because you are out of alignment. Instead, we believe that there is a neuromodulatory effect that takes place with mobilization/manipulation to decrease muscular tone, improve movement, and reduce pain.
​
Spinal cavitation after manipulation refers to the physical and physiological effects that occur following the audible "pop" associated with adjustments or manipulations of spinal joints. This sound is due to the rapid pressure change in the synovial fluid of the joint, leading to gas bubble formation and collapse. Here's what happens after spinal manipulation and cavitation:
​​​
​1. Neuromuscular Changes
-
Relaxation of Muscles: Cavitation is often followed by reduced muscle tension in the area. This can improve joint mobility and decrease feelings of stiffness.
-
Neurological Feedback: The manipulation stimulates joint receptors (mechanoreceptors) that send signals to the nervous system, potentially reducing pain perception and increasing proprioception.
​
2. Increased Range of Motion
-
Immediate Effects: Patients may feel a sense of "looseness" or increased range of motion after cavitation. This is due to the temporary reduction in joint stiffness.
-
Improved Functionality: The release of joint restrictions can improve the functionality of nearby muscles and soft tissues.
​
3. Temporary Pain Relief
-
Endorphin Release: Manipulation can trigger the release of endorphins, providing temporary pain relief.
-
Reduction in Nerve Irritation: Adjustments may reduce pressure or irritation on nerves, contributing to decreased discomfort
4. Redistribution of Synovial Fluid
-
Joint Lubrication: The cavitation process may help redistribute synovial fluid within the joint, promoting better lubrication and nutrient delivery to cartilage.
​
5. Psychological Effects
-
Placebo Effect: The audible pop and feeling of movement can enhance the patient’s perception of improvement, even if the mechanical changes are minimal.
​
6. What Cavitation Does Not Do
-
"Realign" the Spine: Contrary to popular belief, the popping sound does not signify the repositioning of bones or vertebrae. The joint mechanics and soft tissues, rather than alignment, are being influenced.
​
Cavitation effects are generally short-term and best paired with exercises, stretches, or other therapeutic modalities to achieve long-lasting benefits.